The following protective factors are part of the Community Domain:
- Involvement; opportunities are made and recognition is given for pro-social involvement in the community.
- Modeling; high standards are set for behavior of young people.
- Support; positive and clear social norms are highlighted.
Examples of Protective Factors Community Domain:
- Invitations for youth to participate in decision making at the community level, like on boards, committees and groups.
- Praise and admiration for youth who do contribute at the community level.
- Information about laws and norms are distributed to dispel misinformation.
The following protective factors are part of the School Domain:
- Belonging; feeling connected to the school community, bonding with peers and teachers, school pride.
- Involvement; opportunities and recognition for pro-social involvement.
- Rules; clear standards and guidelines, with positive role models and consistent enforcement.
- Expectations; setting the bar for success.
- Support; positive nurturing school climate.
Examples of Protective Factors in the School Domain:
- Goals are set to make sure that each student has a positive bond with at least one caring adult in the school building.
- Invitations are sent to students to be involved in school decision-making, including governance and policy through student council, staff interviews, etc.
- Incentives are offered for participation with recognition and awards given to acknowledge and reward students.
- Environment of the school is maintained at a warm, positive and inviting place.
- Policies for addressing student behaviors is in place and consistently enforced.
The following protective factors are part of the Family Domain:
- Belonging; bonding is strong with attachment to family
- Expectations; rules are clear and beliefs and norms are healthy.
- Enforcement; standards are consistently upheld and explained.
- Participation; regular family time includes connecting and communicating.
- Support; positive and nurturing family climate.
Examples of Protective Factors in the Family Domain:
- Rules for expected behavior include reasonable consequences and follow-through.
- Home is a “safe haven” where their children’s friends feel welcome and valued.
- Contributing to a community service project together provides a sense of cohesion and value.
The following protective factors have been identified in the Individual/Peer Domain:
- Belonging; bonding to peers with healthy beliefs and clear standards
- Develop; increase and improve social skills
- Support; positive support and friendship where youth listen and support each other.
Examples of Protective Factor in the Individual/Peer Domain:
- Sports teams, school music, drama or arts groups, discussion or advocacy groups all create bonding around an activity or goal.
- Mentoring a younger student creates support and guidance for the younger one and develops leadership skills for the older one.
